Phytoextraction by plants

Phytoextraction is a process by which plants absorb heavy metals and other pollutants from soil and store them in their tissues, especially in roots and shoots. Plants capable of phytoextraction, such as sunflowers and certain species of mustard, can be used for cleaning up contaminated land, a method known as phytoremediation. These plants accumulate toxic elements like lead, cadmium, and arsenic, preventing them from leaching into groundwater or entering the food chain. After absorbing the contaminants, the plants are harvested and disposed of safely. Phytoextraction is considered an eco-friendly alternative to conventional soil decontamination methods, offering a sustainable approach to managing polluted areas while restoring soil health.