Phytoalexins

Phytoalexins are antimicrobial compounds synthesized by plants as part of their defense mechanisms against pathogens like bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Upon infection, plants activate a series of biochemical pathways that lead to the production of phytoalexins, which can inhibit or kill the invading organism. These compounds are typically low-molecular-weight, secondary metabolites unique to specific plant species. Research on phytoalexins has advanced our understanding of plant immunity and offered potential pathways for enhancing disease resistance in crops through genetic engineering or selective breeding. For instance, introducing genes involved in phytoalexin synthesis into susceptible plants can fortify their immune responses, a promising approach to sustainable agriculture.