Antibodies in Plants

Proteins known as antibodies are created by immune system cells in reaction to foreign invaders like viruses and bacteria. Antibodies, often referred to as pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in plants, play a role in the plant's defence mechanism against infection. Different PR protein types are produced by plants, and each type has a particular role in the plant's immune system. Some of these proteins can destroy germs directly, while others work to stimulate the immune system's other components. For instance, certain PR proteins can trigger the synthesis of protective compounds and hormones that aid in warding off the infection. Additionally, PR proteins control how the plant reacts to stress. For instance, a plant can create PR proteins in response to exposure to low temperatures, which can assist to lessen cell damage and shield the plant from stress brought on by the cold. PR proteins have a dual function in controlling plant growth and development in addition to their defence against pathogens. For instance, specific PR proteins may assist in controlling the development of leaves and flowers, as well as aiding in drought protection for the plant.