Title : Changes induced by macrophomina phaseolina in the protein profile of castor
Abstract:
Castor (Riccinus communis L. 2n= 20) is kharif crop belongs to member of the Euphorbiacea family that is found across all the tropical, semi tropical and warm temperate regions of the world it is often treated as a self-pollinated crop in breeding programs. Castor oil is non edible and has been used almost entirely for pharmaceutical, medicine, cosmetics and industrial application. Castor plants have enormous potential but biotic and abiotic stresses are the major constrains for castor production in India. Among them root rot Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid is a soil borne pathogen is one of the major biotic threat for castor cultivation. The analysis of proteomes from plant has been performed extensively by exploring the high resolution of two dimensional electrophoresis. So, Protein profiling by 2D electrophoresis is emerging as powerful tool which analyse simultaneous the entire complex proteins expressed at a given time-point in a particular cell type. Additionally, proteomic studies facilitate the understanding of the plant pathogen and fungal pathogenicity in the plant. As protein play a key role in identifying changes in protein levels in plant hosts upon infection by pathogenic organisms. The aim of the present work is to investigate the change in protein profile of a resistant and susceptible castor genotype in response to Macrophomina phaseolina stress and comparison of the response to understand interaction. In the experiment total 198 match ID of protein spot were present in resistant and susceptible genotype of castor in response to Macrophomina phaseolina infection of 100 days. Out of 198 total protein spot, 120 present in resistant and 78 Spots were present in susceptible genotype. The 2DE protein results of 100 days growth of resistant sample (JI 357) shown that Spot ID 1683, of protein spot corresponding to 56 kda have highest molecular protein marker while Spot ID 1797, of protein spot corresponding to 10kda have the lowest molecular weight present in resistant genotype which is act as control. In resistant sample few spots was found related to pathogen related protein spot ID 1761 and 1760 possess mol.wt 17 kDa related to the PR1(Antifungal), spot ID 1716, 1715 possess mol. wt. 29k Da and spot ID 1700 possess mol wt 37kDa related to PR3 (chitinases). Spot ID 1722, 1720, 1719, 1717 possess mol wt 27kDa related to PR2 (β 1,3 glucanase) and spot ID 1718 possess mol wt 28 related to PR 10(ribonuclease like). Whereas in susceptible genotype (48- 1) displayed that Spot ID 130, of protein spot corresponding to 51 kda have highest molecular protein marker which is responsible for protease activity while Spot ID 311, of protein spot corresponding to 10kda have the lowest molecular weight probably fungal effector cell present in susceptible genotype. In Proteome analysis 2D (Two dimensional gel electrophoresis) used to separate and visualize protein. In this technology protein separation and the differential protein expression analysis reveled the change in castor protein profile after the pathogen induction which is very useful to reveal the plant defence activity, plant strength to cope up with environment and many other regulations.
