Vashchenko Viktor Fedorovich

A model experiment with treatment with an exogenous hormone ethylene inhibitor and then foliar treatment with a nitrogen-containing complex fertilizer Chelatonik on potatoes showed a visual drooping of the apex visually drooping top vertically and then a return of erection. Homologous reactions have been established on wild, field, garden and vegetable plants. The adaptive potential and placement of crops correspond to the influence of the environment, the year and region of cultivation, agricultural practices, including adaptation of the sowing period. The effect on organogenesis and phenotype and seed productivity of plants with sequential and simultaneous dominance were the same in terms of the effect on physiologically important organs and differed in the rate of formation of productive organs and the phases of their development. The exogenous effect of the hormone inhibitor is identical to the effect of natural dry phenomena on morphogenesis, as well as drought. All natural factors affect the balance and the final status of hormone balance in a direct way and have a stimulating or inhibitory effect on the quantitative indicators of the plant and its physiological or phenological and final effect throughout the entire organogenesis and vegetation period. Thus, lodging of barley is best prevented by exogenous treatment with ethylene at the end of the formation of the first ear and has the effect of accelerating the current phase of ontogenesis and compensating for positive productive organs on stems of the second order on winter barley in the steppe zone and spring barley in the forest-steppe zone. On spring barley, only curling of the main stems prevents in earlier phases. In spring rapeseed with simultaneous dominance, it only affects seed conditions, since it does not inhibit all apexes. Thus, during the growing season, it is possible to model and predict the influence on the formation of utilitarian important productive organs of natural and anthropogenic factors, the theory of the formation of agricultural plants In the genotype, the material mechanisms of regulation and perception of adaptive environmental signals are preserved, while the adaptive potential represents the spectrum of reactions from the regulation of the whole plant by the hormones of the initial apex cell and the functional and physiological reactions of the secondary meristem. Ontogeny develops when hormones perceive favorable environmental conditions, as well as nutrition. The sequence of development of stems, branches and the initiation of their amount of water factor and thermal conditions of the year and territory.

Growth and development is integral to the perception of environmental signals and ontogeny is realized in the phenotype of a year or territory. Environment (soil and climatic, agro technical factors) and trophic factors have a direct bearing on the balance of hormones. are integrated in the balance of stimulants and inhibitors hormones, which solve the problems of adaptation by growth and development of quantitative plant traits such as growth initiation and dominance of stems and branches, yield structure. The structure and value of seed productivity and seed condition also have compensation mechanisms in the plant and sowing. agro technical practices may be less important than the perception of the environment in the optimal zone of industrial cultivation of the species and variety or year of cultivation, but in any case should have an adaptive value, which is the point of biological farming. The cell's versatility comes from its ability to perform both, initiation of organogenesis and somatic functions. Thus, the Mechanisms of molecular regulation of nutrition and the environment are of integral importance for growth and development.

The regulatory system, triggered by the status of hormone balance, is responsible for the growth and development of traits from the environment, fertilizers and agricultural practices. The initiation of organogenesis in ontogeny - phenotype, productive potential, genetic determination - is encoded by substance-molecules. The regulators themselves are made up of molecules of a substance and can turn into molecules that are inert for regulation or have other activity and consist of a chain of reactions. The regulatory system consists of perception, transference, balance and its status. All external factors have an immediate impact on the status of the balance of hormones and, accordingly, the initiation of the growth of leaves, and their size, stems (branches) and the number of seeds. Since the status refers to the initial cell of the apex and, according to the hierarchy, to the initial cells of the secondary meristem, it largely determines the adaptive and productive potential. Most likely, the very possibility of regulation schemes is determined in the genotype, and the result is determined by the adaptation of the year of development. Thus, regulation determines adaptive traits of resistance to drought and flooding, twisting of barley stalks or their order of dominance, shortening and erection, homologous to wild and cultivated, horticultural crops and trees.