Development of leafy head upon microRNA coordination.

Title : Development of leafy head upon microRNA coordination.

Abstract:

Leafy head and bulb are a type of agricultural products composed of incurved leaves. Many crops with these products undergo a leaf curvature transition from downward to inward upon aging. In a previous study, we used flat and upwardly-curved leaves of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis) to clone the BcpLEAFY HEADS (BcpLH) gene. Here we report that BcpLH controls a composite trait of heading through microRNAs. In the transgenic plants of Chinese cabbage, BcpLH antisense lowers BcpLH protein contents, causing the earliness of leaf incurvature and heading with a round-to-oval head shape transition; and its Arabidopsis ortholog HYL1 inhibits BcpLH activity, resulting in the lateness of heading, due to the incorrect cleavage sites in a subset of primary miRNAs that are competent to bind BcpLH and the altered interrelationship between miRNA pathways that interact genetically. Using QTL mapping of head traits within a population of 150 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of B. rapa, we investigated the relationship between expression levels of miRNA-targeted BrpTCP4 genes and head shape. Herein, we demonstrate that a cylindrical head shape is associated with relatively low BrpTCP4-1 expression, whereas a round head shape is associated with high BrpTCP4-1 expression. In the round-type Chinese cabbage, miR319 accumulation and BrpTCP4-1 expression decrease from the apical to central regions of leaves. Overexpression of Brp-MIR319a2 reduced the expression levels of BrpTCP4 and resulted in an even distribution of BrpTCP4 transcripts within all leaf regions. Changes in temporal and spatial patterns of BrpTCP4 expression appear to be associated with excess growth of both apical and interveinal regions, straightened leaf tips, and a transition from the round to the cylindrical head shape. These results suggest that the miR319a-targeted BrpTCP gene regulates the round shape of leafy head via differential cell division arrest in leaf regions. Therefore, manipulation of miR319a and BrpTCP4 genes are potentially important tools for use in the genetic improvement of head shape in these crops. Our findings suggest that plant coordinates miRNAs for interplay between aging and morphological transitions.

Biography:

Yuke He, March of 1978-December of 1981: studied in Vegetable Section of Horticulture Department, Northwestern Agricultural University and the thesis for Bachelor Degree was “Effect of ethylene on maturing of tomato fruits”. January of 1982-December of 1984: studied for Master Degree in Vegetable Section of Horticulture Department, Northwestern Agricultural University and the degree thesis was “ Physiology of virus disease resistance in Chinese cabbage”. October of 1987-November of 1988: studied as visiting scholar in Institute for Horticultural Plant Breeding, Wageningen, The Netherlands, and majored on genetic transformation of Brassica crops with Agrobacterium rhizogenes, distant crosses of Brassica crops. June of 1990: got Ph.D. degree in Cytology Section of Biology Department, Lanzhou University, and the thesis was “Genetic transformation of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and resistance to the transformants in Brassica crops”

Work experiences: January of 1985-December of 1987: worked as a lecture in Horticulture Department, Northwestern Agricultural University and studied on genetics and breeding, and tissue culture of Crucifer vegetable crops. December of 1991-December of 1993: worked as a postdoctor in National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, and majored on transfer and expression of exogenous auxin genes in Brassica crops. December of 1993-now: work in Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences.